Capsaicin is the active ingredient in hot peppers, and has been consumed for centuries. It has also been used as medicine for a very long time. For most people, it’s just a chemical that creates a sensation of heat. However, for others, it can be dangerous. While allergic reactions are rare, it is important to know what to look for when it comes to capsaicin allergy symptoms, particularly if you intend to use it as an analgesic in a cream or ointment form, ingest it orally.
Side Effects of Capsaicin Use
Before we touch on capsaicin allergy symptoms, it’s important to run down some of the commonly seen side effects of using products in which capsaicin is the active ingredient. Note that these are not signs that you’re allergic or sensitive to capsaicin, and most users will experience at least some of them. Potential side effects for most capsaicin products include the following:
- Burning sensation on the skin
- Tingling sensation on the skin
- Increase in pain or discomfort initially
- Burning of the eyes on contact with capsaicin
- Burning of the mouth or mucus membrane on contact with capsaicin
It is also important to note that those with existing hypertension (high blood pressure) are not recommended to use any product containing capsaicin. In addition, patients with asthma, with COPD, or other breathing problems, should take steps to ensure that capsaicin is not inhaled. Even the scent of capsaicin is sometimes enough to trigger difficulty breathing due to a narrowing of the airway. Inhalers will not alleviate these symptoms.
The Symptoms to Watch for in Allergies
A very small percentage of the population is actually allergic to capsaicin. However, if you are not sure whether you’re allergic or not, capsaicin allergy symptoms to watch for are very similar to any other serious allergic reaction, such as being allergic to peanuts or shellfish. Allergy symptoms include:
- Shortness of Breath: You cannot seem to catch your breath, or you continue to cough or wheeze.
- Throat Tightness: This may present in addition to shortness of breath. Your throat will feel constricted and tight, as though it is closing.
- Hives: Hives are a rash of raised, red bumps. They are usually itchy, and can appear almost anywhere on the body during an allergic reaction.
- Vomiting: Vomiting immediately after ingesting capsaicin or a few hours later may be a sign of allergic reaction.
- Stomach Pain and Diarrhea: Stomach pain and diarrhea, either alone or combined, can be signs of allergic reaction.
Of course, there’s also the possibility that your allergic reaction will be severe. This means anaphylaxis. The skin usually becomes ashen, and you may be listless. You may have difficulty breathing. If left untreated, unconsciousness and death will follow. Immediate emergency medical assistance is required in this instance.
While capsaicin is safe for most people, some are allergic to it. If you are unsure, start with small doses before increasing the amount used. This will allow you to test your sensitivity.